Тема Изучающее чтение с элементами анализа информации
- Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
While learning to read children connect spoken words with written symbols - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Climate changes are considered to be due to massive exhaust of CO2 - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
In Africa metal objects have always been considered to be magic - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The Richter scale records the amplitude of the largest trace - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The Space guidance systems are flight-controlling and rocket-guiding systems - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
The aim of the institution of the city-management is to reduce the number of bureaucracy - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Fast food has a insufficient nutritional value - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
People began to make attempts to improve the quality of the environment - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Silviculture provides the measures for meeting the diverse needs of peoples - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Even the most sensitive devices can’t always guarantee perfect result of a calibration - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Before recycling glass is sorted according to its colour - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Pricing Methods
1. Price is a very important weapon that can be used to persuade consumers to buy. Price is one of many factors that determine the demand for a product. What are the most common pricing methods adopted by firms?
2. Cost-plus pricing is a very simple pricing method and is perhaps the most common. A firm may calculate its average costs of producing a product and simply add a profit «mark up», say 10 %, on to average costs. This mark-up could be changed to allow for the effects of competition and economic conditions, e.g. where there is a lot of competition this mark-up may be lowered or when business is good the mark-up could be raised.
3. Marginal-cost pricing differs from the above in that the firm looks not at its average costs but marginal costs, i.e. the firm calculates the additional cost of producing the next unit or set of units of output and the firm charges a price (plus a ‘mark-up’) according to the marginal cost. A typical example is found in the shoe repair business. There appear to be no standard prices for repairing shoes. What tends to happen is that the cobbler examines the shoes and makes a quick estimate of how much material and time it will take to repair them. Larger shoes, those made of leather and those in greater disrepair have a higher marginal cost and therefore a higher price is charged for their repair.
4. Price discrimination: several firms are able to charge different prices for a similar product. This is known as price discrimination. British Rail (BR), for example, charges different consumers such as businessmen and women, children, senior citizens and students different prices and also charges different prices according to the time of journey, e.g. peak, off-peak, weekly and week-end.
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What can make a profit «mark up» change - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
It is necessary to make a good eye contact with a person while talking - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
There are different definitions of the chemical industry - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Mangroves
1. Mangroves are the characteristic littoral plant formations of tropical and subtropical sheltered coastlines. Generally speaking, mangroves are trees and shrubs growing below the high-water level of spring tides. Their root systems are thus regularly inundated with saline water, even though it may be diluted due to freshwater surface run-offs and only flooded once or twice a year. Mangroves depend on terrestrial and tidal waters for their nourishment, and on coastal soils and silt deposits from upland erosion as substrate for support.
2. Mangroves are among the most productive terrestrial ecosystems and are a natural, renewable resource. However, the world's mangroves are beleaguered. Mangroves are losing their habitats as rivers are dammed, their waters diverted and the intertidal zone extensively developed for agriculture or aquaculture and generally dried up.
3. The depletion of mangroves is a cause of serious environmental and economic concern to many developing countries. This stems from the fact that at the interface between the sea and the land, mangroves play a pivotal role in moderating monsoonal tidal floods and in coastal protection. The continuing degradation and depletion of this vital resource will reduce not only terrestrial and aquatic production and wildlife habitats, but more importantly, the environmental stability of coastal forests that provide protection to inland agricultural crops and villages will become seriously impaired.
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Why do mangroves grow in tidal areas - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The Kitfox does not need long and improved airfields for landing and taking off - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The study of landscape ecological processes was conducted in some northern regions - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Pop culture is related with different aspects of mass media - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The method of vertical exhaust ducts played an important role in building atmosphere controlling - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Particular species of fish are got from particular regions - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Multiple thread formations have different uses - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
In the course of time importance of the office of attorney general increased greatly - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Professional legal counselors help their clients in arrangement of legal rights when court action is not required - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Radiological and laboratory services provided by hospitals are available at the second level of health care structure - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The present period is very exciting for military bridge manufacturers - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The Renaissance was based on the ideas of Humanism - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The appointive system in common-law nations is a complicated one - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The launch of the first IBM personal computers - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
This method is used for creating standard sizes - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The main aim of Mann’s life is to help others - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Light
1. The form of energy that illuminates our world is called light. It usually comes from hot objects, like the sun or fire, but it is also produced by electricity and some chemical reactions. Light is the only part of the electromagnetic spectrum (which includes microwaves, ultraviolet rays, and X-rays) that is invisible to the human eye. It travels at 186,000 miles (300,000 km) per second, and nothing can travel faster. Like other forms of energy, light travels in waves, but it can also travel in packets of energy called quanta. This enables it to travel through a vacuum.
2. Light rays are reflected when they hit a shiny or silvered surface, such as a still pool of water or a mirror. Reflection involves two light rays: the incoming ray and the reflected ray which bounces off the reflecting surface. The two rays are at identical angles to the reflecting surface on either side of an imaginary line.
3. Refraction is a property of all types of energy that travel in waves, including light. Light waves normally travel in straight lines, but when they pass from one transparent material to another, they usually refract, or bend. Refraction occurs because light travels at different speeds in different materials. As light from a material with a low density, such as air, enters a material with a high density, such as water, its speed is reduced. This causes it to bend (except when it enters a material at a right angle).
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What quality do all energy forms travelling in ways hold - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Common sense of Americans brought about intensive economic development - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The process of writing on clay tablets - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The parties may have to appear before the court for a pretrial conference if necessary - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Easy Metal Designs of Building
1. A basic fast construction for buildings is a metal skeleton. There metal vertical racks and horizontal crossbar with the help of bolt connections gather in cross-section frames. The cross-section frames are a system of extensions or communications, giving to design settlement durability fastens. Then roofing, wall runs, frames under windows, doors are established. Thus a bearing skeleton is ready. Further it is possible to use any facing. It can be ferro-concrete, bricklaying, special panels such as «sandwich», any combinations of the specified designs. In a «sandwich» panel every panel consists of two sheets of the zinced iron between which a special heater is placed. The design has no internal skeleton. Its durability is reached due to the certain orientation of fibers.
2. The scope of fast metallic construction is very wide. They are used at the construction of any industrial targets, warehouses, sports complexes. Recently fast construction designs are used in the market. This process makes metallic construction attractive in the field of trading constructions. A cost of a building from a metallic construction is 30-40% less, than on construction of a similar building, using traditional materials.
3. Today a fast metallic construction is a leader among all building designs, first of all, because of its low price. On the other hand, it has the shortest terms of erection. The economy of time can become very significant and essentially important for any customer. Besides the price and terms of assembly, fast metallic constructions have more important advantage. The matter is that a metallic construction is not only quickly gathered, but also can be disassembled fast and without special financial expenses.
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What does the building of a fast metallic construction begin with - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The definition of the term "geyser" - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The size of planktonic organisms differs greatly - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
The American authorities employ various measures to prevent a possible economic crisis - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The idea of Summerhill school is to make school attractive and acceptable for children - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Realism and formalism
1. Even before the turn of the century, movies began to develop in two major directions: the realistic and the formalistic. Realism and formalism are merely general, rather than absolute, terms. When used to suggest a tendency toward either polarity, such labels can be helpful, but in the end they are still just labels. Few films are exclusively formalist in style, and fewer yet are completely realist.
2. There is also an important difference between realism and reality, although this distinction is often forgotten. Realism is a particular style, whereas physical reality is the source of all the raw materials of film, both realistic and formalistic. Virtually all movie directors go to the photographable world for their subject matter, but what they do with this material – how they shape and manipulate it – determines their stylistic emphasis.
3. Generally speaking, realistic films attempt to reproduce the surface of concrete reality with a minimum of distortion. The filmmaker tries to suggest the copiousness of life itself. Both realist and formalist film directors must select certain details from the chaotic sprawl of reality. But the element of selectivity in realistic films is less obvious. Realists try to preserve the illusion that their film world is unmanipulated, an objective mirror of the actual world. Formalists, on the other hand, deliberately stylize and distort their raw materials so that only the very naive would mistake a manipulated image of an object or event for the real thing.
4. We rarely notice the style in a realistic movie; the artist tends to be self-effacing. Some filmmakers are more concerned with what is being shown than how it is manipulated. The camera is used conservatively. It is essentially a recording mechanism that reproduces the surface of tangible objects with as little commentary as possible. A high premium is placed on simplicity, spontaneity, and directness. This is not to suggest that these movies lack artistry, however, for at its best the realistic cinema specializes in art that conceals art.
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Who is primarily responsible for the style of a film - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
European trains provide excellent railroad dining - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The necessary conditions for geyser to be active - Укажите, какой из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) содержит следующую информацию:
The head of Green Action group gives his view of the development - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The METIS-M system complies with all the requirements of modern AT warfare - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Different modifications of the Maverick are propelled with the same motor - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
How smartphones work
1. Thinking of a daily task it's likely there's a specialized, pocket-sized device designed to help you accomplish it. You can get a separate, tiny and powerful machine to make phone calls, keep your calendar and address book, entertain you, play your music, give directions, take pictures, check your e-mail, and do countless other things. But how many pockets do you have? Handheld devices become as clunky as a room-sized supercomputer when you have to carry four of them around with you every day.
2. A smartphone is one device that can take care of all of your handheld computing and communication needs in a single, small package. It's not so much a distinct class of products as it is a different set of standards for cell phones to live up to.
3. Unlike many traditional cell phones, smartphones allow individual users to install, configure and run applications of their choosing. A smartphone offers the ability to conform the device to your particular way of doing things. Most standard cell-phone software offers only limited choices for re-configuration, forcing you to adapt to the way it's set up.
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What is the way smartphones differ from standard cell phones - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Expensive precious materials were sometimes used to create sculptures - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Chemical weapons can cause different disorders of the nervous system - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The confusion over unlicensed trademark usage can be resolved by applying to approved channels - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Air pollution causes different health problems and early deaths