Тема Чтение текстов с полным пониманием и выстраивание логической последовательности
- Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1_________________________. It brings moving pictures and sounds from around the world into millions of homes.
2__________________________. So the word «television» means «to see far».
3__________________________. They sell advertising time to pay for their operating costs and to make profit. 4___________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст
1_______. The bridge, which was over 3 kilometres long, opened in 1878 and fell down in a winter storm in 1879. 2_______.
There was the enquiry into the Tay Bridge disaster to find out why the accident happened. One of the constructions was that the design and construction were based on quickly and cheaply it could be built. Safety and strength were not thought about properly. 3___________ . Also, the design was based on experience rather than the more scientific and accurate calculations used today. 4___________. The results confirm that the design of the bridge was definitely substandard - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1______________________________. News pamphlets appeared only from time to time and cannot be classed as newspapers, though they were unquestionably the immediate forerunners of the British press. 2___________________________. It was followed in the 1640’s and 1650’s by a plethora of different titles. 3________________________. 4____________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
By 1765, the American Colonies had more than 20 newspapers. 1________________________. The act required that special tax stamps be placed on all newspapers, legal documents, and other printed material. 2________________________. 3___________________________. In 1766, Parliament repeated the law. 4__________________________ - Расположите абзацы в логической последовательности, чтобы получился связанный текст
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1__________________________. 2__________________________. There are computers in all kinds of electrical devices, from mobile phones to washing machines. 3___________________________________. When programmers write programs, they have to plan carefully for every possible kinds of error a computer user can input into the computer. 4________________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст
In my opinion television is very good. 1_____________________________. There are a lot of high quality programmes on TV. It gives information on a lot of subjects. It shows a lot of films: old and new. Yes, there is a lot of advertising on TV. 2_________________________________. They help you choose best products. Sometimes they are funny and full of fantasy. TV gives wonderful possibilities for education. We see great events which will pass into history. 3_____________________________. TV gives us opportunities to see the best actors and performances. We see people in other lands, and learn of their customs, occupations and problems. 4_____________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1______________________________. You can store data on floppy disks. 2______________________________. 3_________________________________. People often use portable removable disks, which can store up to one gigabyte of data and do not need any expensive hardware. 4________________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
Damon Rand Hillier, 29, of Barter Court in North Kitsap has gotten a year in prison for the attempted robbery of a cab driver Jan. 13. 1 ______________________.
Hillier got out of the cab and into a car driven by his girlfriend who followed him after he said he was going to “get some money”. 2________________________________.
The driver thought Hillier had a stun gun, but none was found.
3_____________________________. And Hillier was arrested in the parking lot of the Olive Garden restaurant.
4_____________________________. Hillier’s past convictions were for drugs and forgery. - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст
Fleet street in London used to be the home of most national daily and Sunday newspapers. 1_______________________________. In the 1980s most of the newspapers moved to new buildings in different parts of London to use new printing technologies. 2_______________________________. Quality newspapers are more serious and cover home and foreign news. 3___________________________________. 4________________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
There was a time when things like cattle, salt, shells, etc., were used as the media of exchange. But all these suffer from drawbacks. Precious metals came to be accepted as money, because they had certain advantages. Gold and silver have been accepted as the media of exchange; but that is not the only function of money. 1_______. Distance is measured in yards, feet, inches, etc.; temperature is measured as so many degrees fahrenheit and centigrade; weight is measured in ounces, pounds, tons, etc., and the value of any article is measured in rubles, dollars, shillings, etc. If a wrist watch is more valuable than a book, you can explain that the price of a watch is $40 and that that of a book is $5. 2_______. That is how you measure the value in terms of money. 3_______. Two merchants may be buying and selling a lot of goods from each other. Instead of making payments every day to each other, they may find it much more convenient to write down accounts, and then at the end of every month or year, they may adjust their accounts and make a small amount of payment from the debtor to the creditor. These accounts are written in terms of the currency of the country concerned. Money also functions as a “store” of value. If you do not want to spend your money today, you may keep it with you, as long as you wish. 4_______. For the same reason money can also be used as a standard of deferred payments. If you buy something on credit, you may make the payments at the end of the month, or at any other convenient time. Whether you pay today or after a month it makes no difference in the value of money - Расположите абзацы в логической последовательности, чтобы получился связанный текст
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Stephen Hawking is a world-famous scientist. 1_______. He has told us more about time than anyone in the world. He has always been interested in time questions like ‘How did the world start?’ and ‘Can we go back in time?’ He wrote his famous book about time in 1988 and it has already sold more than eight million copies. 2_______. This means that information that tells his arms and legs to move does not go up his spinal cord to his brain. 3_______. In 1985 he went to hospital because he couldn’t breathe. Doctors helped him to breathe but they had to take out his voice. 4_______ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст
1_______. The bridge, which was over 3 kilometres long, opened in 1878 and fell down in a winter storm in 1879. 2_______.
There was the enquiry into the Tay Bridge disaster to find out why the accident happened. One of the constructions was that the design and construction were based on quickly and cheaply it could be built. Safety and strength were not thought about properly. 3___________ . Also, the design was based on experience rather than the more scientific and accurate calculations used today.
During the twentieth century engineers used computers to do a detailed structural analysis of the design used for the Tay Bridge. 4___________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
Sheet metal forming is widely used when parts of certain shape and size are needed. 1_______. One characteristic of sheet metal forming is that the thickness of the sheet changes little in processing. The metal is stretched just beyond its yield point (2 to 4 percent strain) in order to retain the new shape. 2_______. Shearing is a cutting operation similar to that used for cloth.
3_______. For example, to make the roof of an automobile from a flat sheet, the edges are gripped and the piece pulled in tension over a lower die. 4_______. And finally the edges are sheared off to give the final dimensions - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1______________________________. Often, we want the computer to do the same thing again and again.
2_________________________________.
First though, a computer needs to know where, within its built-in memory, to store information and how to work on it. The basic program is called an operating system (or disk operating system).
3_____________________________. A recent development from MS-DOS lets you tell the computer what to do by “pointing” at things (words or pictures) on the screen. 4_____________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
The father of all present-day computers was designed by Charles Babbage.
1________________________. J232,000 was provided by the British government to build it. 2________________________. The calculations were to be made by means of thousands of rotating gear-wheels, and moving levers and rods.
3___________________________. 4___________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1_________________________. Adult computer addicts are familiar figures: pale people who sit in front of green screens hour after hour. 2__________________________. But the idea of a child living in front of a flashing green screen is somehow less acceptable. Canadian child phychologist Jams Norton explains: 3__________________________. They are children who are usually allowed to do what they want. 4__________________________. If he computer games they play are violent, she adds, they become indifferent to violence faster than they would through watching violent videos - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
An 18-year-old girl had been asleep when a fire started in the living room below her bedroom. 1_______. When she was brought in, she was unconscious and deteriorating from circulatory failure. 2_______. A topical antibiotic was applied followed by a plastic epidermal graft.
The patient began a long, slow recovery. A nurse had to change her position in bed every two hours to prevent the formation of bedsores. 3_______. Starting at nine weeks, sheets of cultured skin cells were grafted to her regenerating dermal layer and by the fifteenth week of her hospitalization, the grafts were complete. 4_______ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
Governments have many ways of making sure that citizens obey the law. 1_______. They use police forces to investigate crimes and catch criminals. They authorize courts to complete the investigation of criminal and civil offences and to pass sentences to punish the guilty and deter others. 2_______. Which of these is most effective in enforcing the law?
3_______. Many people do not know where to find these records and do not find it easy to read them. But ignorance of the law is almost never a defence for breaking it. 4_______. Sometimes this seems very harsh, for example, when the law is very technical. Shopkeepers in England have been prosecuted for selling books on Sunday, although they were allowed to sell magazines. However, there are many laws, such as those prohibiting theft, assault and dangerous driving which simply reflect social and moral attitudes to everyday behavior. In such cases a person knows he is breaking the law, even if he doesn’t know exactly which law it is - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
This is a mild disease with low-grade fever, some pain behind ears due to enlargements of glands, and a mild pinkish rash, which only lasts for a day or two. 1____________. A pregnant mother gets German measles during the first 3 months of her pregnancy. 2______________. Under doctor’s advice it is permissible to have an abortion induced for such an eventuality. 3______________.
One attack of German measles usually gives a lifelong immunity, although, rarely, a second attack may occur. 4_______________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1___________________________. We are beginning to forget what the world was without TV. Everybody knows what a great force TV is in the world today. Thanks to TV we get a great amount of information. It gives wonderful possibilities for education. 2___________________________. We also become better informed by watching documentaries, science programmes, discussions and by learning the most important issues of the day. TV gives an opportunity to see the best actors, sport matches, to meet famous people. 3___________________________. TV helps us to relax after a hard day’s work, so we can then cope better with the next day’s work. 4___________________________ - Расположите абзацы в логической последовательности, чтобы получился связанный текст
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British supermarkets are now full of exotic cooking ingredients, sauces, pasta, cheese, fruit and vegetables.
1_______. The most popular is now pizza and, according to a recent survey, 40% of British families have a curry for Sunday lunch, instead of traditional dishes like roast beef.
We eat less meat and more fresh fruit and vegetables. 2_______. Even children know about sugar-free sweets.
That is the good news. 3_______. As we work harder and have less time, we are eating more and more fast food and doing less exercise. For lunch, many of us have a hamburger or sandwich and when we come home in the evening we put our ready-made dinner into the microwave before sitting down in front of the TV. 4_______ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст
1___________. Economic growth of any country depends on the development of agriculture which supplies people with food and clothing and industry with raw materials.
2___________.It means the cultivation of the fields in order to grow crops. 3___________.
We do not know when people began to grow crops. 4___________. Now crop production and animal husbandry are highly developed branches of agriculture - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
Climatic and geographic factors limit Russia’s agricultural activity to about 10 percent of the country’s total land area. 1_______. In the European part of Russia, the most productive land is in the Central Chernozem Economic Region and the Volga Economic Region, which occupy the grasslands between the Ukraine and Kazakhstan. 2_______. In Siberia and the Far East, the most productive areas are the southern regions. 3_______. The last expansion of cultivated land occurred in the late 1950s and early 1960s, when the Virgin Lands program of Nikita Khrushchev opened land in southwestern Siberia (and neighboring Kazakhstan) for cultivation. 4_______ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
Fracture or break in the bone can result from any injury. 1______________. The injured part should be prevented from moving. Usually, an X-ray is necessary to confirm whether there is a fracture or not. The injured part can be immobilized with a splint. 2_____________. The splint should be wider than the limb being splinted, and long enough to prevent movements of the joints near the fracture. 3_______________. If the person has a compound fracture you must take some sterile gauze, put it over the wound and take the patient to the hospital immediately. 4________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
1_______. Pig production occurs in most areas but is particularly important in northern and eastern England. 2_______. 3_______. Britain remains self-sufficient in both. 4_______. However the loss is outweighed by the increase in output from what remains due to the introduction of up-to-date technology and fertilizers - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1___________________________. The computer is “told” what to do, in terms of “on” or “off”: actually, “1” or “0”. 2______________________________. A 1 or 0 is very limited information – a bit. Computers need eight bits to identify just one number or letter – a byte. 3_________________________________. 4_____________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1____________________________. 2____________________________. Publishing on CD-ROM is cheaper than printing or recording on floppy disks. 3____________________________. And you can even create stereo sound to pronounce them.
4____________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
In the USA cash is used to pay everyday services and little purchases. America dollars is the most popular world currency. 1__________________________.
Each bond has a picture of an American president, who was immortalized on it for his great deals.
For example: One dollar bond has a picture of George Washington - the first President оf America. He was elected a President for 2 terms (1789 and 1792).
2___________________________.
Coins also have pictures of famous American people. 3___________________. The smallest is a dime (10 cents). 4_____________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
The National Health Service
The National Health Service (NHS) is responsible for health care for everyone in the UK, although a small number choose to pay for private care. 1_______.
Primary care is provided by general practitioners, or GPs, (sometimes known as family doctors), nurses, dentists, pharmacists and opticians. GPs work in practices of 1 to 20. 2_______. They also provide health education in areas such as smoking and diet, run clinics, give vacations, for example for influenza, and may perform minor surgery such as removal of warts and moles. 3_______.
Patients are normally seen on an appointment basis. 4_______. Out-of-hours (OOH) treatment, from 6 pm to 8 am, is provided by the local Primary Care Trust, which organizes shifts of GPs and locum GPs to cover if someone is absent - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст
1_______. Science attempts to explain how and why the things happen. 2_______. 3_______. For example, people had made different objects from iron for centuries before they learnt the structure of the metal. 4_______ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст
1_______. The United States export most of the corn produced. 2_______. They use corn mainly for livestock feed.
3___________. The increases in yields are obtained by the development of new high-yielding hybrids, by improved cultural practices and by application of proper amount of fertilizers.
Most corn, about 85%, is used as livestock feed and only about 10% is used as food for people. 4___________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст
A disk is a data storage medium consisting of a flat, circular, magnetic surface on which information can be recorded. 1_________________________________. These already contain information and programs, and are ready to use.
2______________________________. But these disks must be formatted before they can be used.
3______________________________. This means you can read from but not write to the disk, making it impossible to write accidentally over information. 4_______________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
What money do people use in Britain? 1______________________________. There are one hundred pence in a pound. The smallest coin is the five pence coin. 2______________________________. But two coins have seven sides. 3______________________________. The big coin with seven sides is the fifty pence coin.4_______________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
Pheumonia is an acute inflammation of the lung. 1_____________. It may follow a cold and bronchitis, or may come on suddenly. 2____________. The child looks ill, has fever, cough, and very rapid breathing. 3____________. A doctor should be consulted, and depending on the severity the child may be treated at home or admitted to a hospital. If his breathing is very rapid, he may need oxygen. Most pheumonias can be treated with antibiotics. 4_______________. Viral pheumonia cures gradually. The child should be kept in bed, given plenty of water and a highly nourishing diet - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1_____________________________. The smallest weekly papers have only 1 to 3 workers, who do everything from writing the news, to selling ads, to running the press.
Some larger weeklies employ 10 to 30 people. 2_____________________________.
The staff of most dailies is headed by the publisher, who directs all the departments. The staff of such a paper is divided into three main departments: (1) editorial, (2) business, and (3) mechanical.
3___________________________. The business department tries to ensure that the paper makes a profit. 4_______________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1______________________________. They were produced only when some event worthy of notice occurred.
2___________________________. But they were unquestionably the immediate forerunners of the British press. 3 ___________________. It was followed in the 1640’s and 1650’s by a plethora of different titles. The first true newspaper in English was the London Gazette of 1666.
4____________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
In the USA law comes from written laws such as constitutions, statutes, ordinances and treaties. 1_______. Law also comes from the rules and decisions of administrative agencies.
2_______. A federal law must not violate the U.S. Constitution. 3_______.
There are two very important principles of constitutional law that are basic to the US judicial system. 4_______ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
1_______. It is formed when acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride acts on ethyl alcohol. 2_______.
Ethyl acetate is a colourless, mobile liquid, with a pleasant fruity odour. 3_______. It is soluble in water and is miscible with alcohol, ether and chloroform, forming neutral solutions. 4_______ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1____________________________. The popular papers are less in size, with many pictures, big headlines, and short articles. 2____________________________. 3____________________________. The "quality" papers are for more serious readership.
These papers are bigger in size, with larger articles and more detailed information.4______________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1_____________________________.
In most places, the sales tax is from 5 to 10 per cent of the price of goods you buy. 2_____________________________. For example, for technical equipment, books, records, household products, appliances, cameras and films. 3_____________________________. You must remember that the prices listed on items in stores do not include sales tax . 4_______________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
1____________________________. And their numbers grow every day. 2____________________________. And the enormous capacity of a CD-ROM means you can create a computerized encyclopedia that has color video to go with the entries. 3____________________________.
4____________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
1_______. They are:
– Hardware
– Software
– People
– Procedures
– Data/information.
2_______. In other words, the manner in which the various individual systems are connected – for example, by phone lines, microwave transmission, or satellite – is an element of the total computer system.
Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task. 3_______. People, however, are the most important component of the computer system. 4_______ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст
The body of a skateboard is called a deck. Plywood is the most common deck material used because it’s light but strong. The front of the board is called the nose and the back is called the tail. 1 _______. These help the skateboarder perform tricks.
Fixed to the deck are two metal alloy trucks which connect to the wheels. 2 _______. The top part of the truck is called the baseplate. 3 _______. The bottom part is called the hanger. It’s fixed to the wheels, which are made of polyurethane. 4 _______. Very hard wheels are good for performance but not for rough surfaces. Between the baseplate and the hanger are bushings which provide the spring mechanism for turning the board - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
1_______. If all the carbon and carbon compounds were suddenly removed from the earth it would look like the surface of the Moon. 2_______. In an ordinary pencil, for example, the inside of the pencil made from graphite, which is an elementary form of carbon, the wood and the paint on the surface of the pencil are all carbon or carbon compounds. The paper of a book, the cover are also made of carbon compounds. All of the clothes one wears including shoes cannot exist without carbon. 3_______. Fuels, foods and many drugs are mostly made of carbon compounds. 4_______ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст
Engineering is everywhere. 1___________. For example, if a manufacturer wants a faster car, a smaller personal stereo, or a better pen, they will ask a design engineer to find a practical solution.
Engineering is both theoretical and practical. 2___________. The design solution must be a reasonable price, safe, and reliable. A new idea that is expensive, dangerous, or doesn’t always work is not a good solution.
Engineers use a method. 3___________. Engineers:
1. define the problem,
2. design a solution,
3. rest the solution,
4. evaluate the solution.
4____________. When a good solution is found, the next step is to:
5. communicate the solution - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
First, a current account.1__________________________. This gives you the possibility of having all your money at your immediate disposal. It also entitles you to a cheque-book. 2__________________________. It is a better investment as it gives a higher interest. However, though you are entitled to a cheque-book, you can only withdraw up to a certain sum each month. For larger amounts, you must give the bank a few months’ notice. 3____________________________. These pay the highest interest. However, they block your capital for a fixed period of 3, 4 or 5 years.4____________________________ - Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связанный текст
The main symptoms of the polomyelitis are: slight fever, general discomfort, headache, stiff neck, stiff back. 1_____________________________. The cause of poliomyelitis is a virus. 2_______________________________. 3____________________________. The child should be isolated from onset of the disease till fever subsides. 4______________________________