Тема Изучающее чтение с элементами сопоставления
- Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
THE AMERICAN ECONOMY AT THE END OF THE 20TH CENTURY
1. The United States entered the 21st century with an economy that was bigger, and by many measures more successful, than ever. Not only had it endured two world wars and a global depression in the first half of the 20th century, but it had surmounted challenges ranging from a 40-year Cold War with the Soviet Union to extended bouts of sharp inflation, high unemployment, and enormous government budget deficits in the second half of the century. The nation finally enjoyed a period of economic calm in the 1990s: prices were stable, unemployment dropped to its lowest level in almost 30 years, the government posted a budget surplus, and the stock market experienced an unprecedented boom. In 1998, America’s gross domestic product exceeded $8.5 trillion.
2. Though the United States held less than 5 percent of the world’s population, it accounted for more than 25 percent of the world’s economic output. Japan, the world’s second largest economy, produced about half as much. And while Japan and many of the world’s other economies grappled with slow growth and other problems in the 1990s, the American economy recorded the longest uninterrupted period of expansion in its history.
3. As in earlier periods, however, the United States had been undergoing profound economic change at the beginning of the 21st century. A wave of technological innovations in computing, telecommunications, and the biological sciences were profoundly affecting how Americans work and play.
4. The United States remains a “market economy.” Americans continue to believe that an economy generally operates best when decisions about what to produce and what prices to charge for goods are made through the give-and-take of millions of independent buyers and sellers, not by government or by powerful private interests. In a free market system, Americans believe, prices are most likely to reflect the true value of things, and thus can best guide the economy to produce what is most needed.
‘Continuity and Change’ http://usinfo.state.gov
Ответьте на вопрос
What helped America to build world’s largest economy - Ответьте на вопрос:
What was meant by “ecology” in ancient Greece?
Ancient Greeks considered “ecology” to … - Ответьте на вопрос:
Why do ruminants require a lot of plant material to meet their protein needs - Ответьте на вопрос
What are the advantages of screen printing over other printing processes - Ответьте на вопрос:
What helped America to build world’s largest economy - Ответьте на вопрос
Why is recycling a key concept of modern waste management? - Ответьте на вопрос:
Why is the Marlin lever action centre-fire regarded "the American hunting rifle" - Ответьте на вопрос:
What were the reasons for more Britons being able to take a holiday away from home - Ответьте на вопрос:
What does the term “clinic” mean - Ответьте на вопрос:
What is ment by “universal health care” - Ответьте на вопрос:
What is the difference between newspapers and magazines - Ответьте на вопрос
Why is it necessary to protect ecosystems? - Ответьте на вопрос:
What is mall - Ответьте на вопрос
What do the properties of wood depend on - Ответьте на вопрос
What style does this description refer to: a double-breasted jacket with moderate shoulder padding, a pair of matching trousers, a shirt and tie - Ответьте на вопрос
Why were Greek books more suitable for the readers - Ответьте на вопрос
What is a colour separation process based on - Ответьте на вопрос
How does the mayor get his post - Ответьте на вопрос:
What is the broad meaning of the word “humanism” - Ответьте на вопрос:
What was the reason for removing the cargo from one compartment to another - Ответьте на вопрос:
Why is an electrical charge of molecules an important property for biochemical studies - Ответьте на вопрос
How can religion be defined - Ответьте на вопрос:
What navigation system uses pulsed radio transmissions to determine a ship's position - Ответьте на вопрос:
What does a choice of the play depend on - Ответьте на вопрос:
What is meant by “universal health care” - Ответьте на вопрос
What do the properties of wood depend on - Ответьте на вопрос
What category of materials does carbon fiber belong to - Ответьте на вопрос:
What kinds of weapon does KBP design - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Mass communication
1. Mass communication may be defined simply as messages directed at masses, or great numbers, of people. There are features of mass communication, however, that help to set it apart from other communication. Mass communication messages are prepared by institutions or other groups of people. A local television evening news program, for example, involves the three or four people who are seen at the news desk, but it also involves many people who are never seen on camera—camera operators, engineers, business managers, and many others.
2. Mass communication is also directed to a relatively large and anonymous audience—“to whom it may concern.” The message must appeal to a large number of people, or those producing it will not remain in business. Finally, the source of the message is remote—separated from the audience by time or space. As a consequence, those being addressed do not feel the same need to pay careful attention as do those in the company of the message source. For example, television viewers generally feel free to talk to each other, leave the room to get a snack, change channels, or fall asleep.
3. The fact that mass communication is a business has important implications. The mass media are in competition with each other for sales dollars, advertising revenue, or both. With advances in technology the number of alternatives is increasing. People have a greater variety of communication products from which to choose. Cable television, videotapes, and pay television systems, for instance, offer an increasing number of options to television viewers.
4. As some people turn away from regular network and local-station programming, advertisers may be unwilling to pay the prices asked for advertising time. In the past, magazine publishers, film producers, and radio stations found it necessary to reach out for specific audiences. It has been suggested that the general mass audience is disappearing in favor of a number of smaller, more limited mass audiences.
(Encyclopedia Britannica)
Ответьте на вопрос
Why do mass communication addressees usually pay little attention to the communication source - Ответьте на вопрос
How do point level sensing devices work - Ответьте на вопрос:
What variant of the carrier vehicle is the most suitable one - Ответьте на вопрос:
What does the term “climate” mean - Ответьте на вопрос:
According to the passage, what is the red of the canyon primarily a result of - Ответьте на вопрос:
Why are disulfide bonds of great importance for protein structure - Ответьте на вопрос:
Why is it important to understand the normal condition of an organism - Ответьте на вопрос:
What does “forest management plan” mean - Ответьте на вопрос:
What does YELLOW denote - Ответьте на вопрос
What do the anthropological criminologists do - Ответьте на вопрос
What does the incorporation of innovations in aerodynamics help to achieve - Ответьте на вопрос
What stage does pattern-making include - Ответьте на вопрос
What provides a very big passenger volume on the A 380 - Ответьте на вопрос:
What was the contribution of Robert Boyle to the history of chemistry - Ответьте на вопрос:
What is the main difference of the European ATGWs from the KORNET system - Ответьте на вопрос:
Why is an electrical charge of molecules an important property for biochemical studies - Ответьте на вопрос
How many levels of mental organization is it necessary to obtain - Ответьте на вопрос:
Why should people help salmon get through dams? - Ответьте на вопрос
What is meant by the so-called “university paperback books” - Ответьте на вопрос
What do most markets use in their operations - Ответьте на вопрос:
What advantage do tankers provide for other aircraft - Ответьте на вопрос:
What positions didn’t Butenandt hold