Тема Изучающее чтение с элементами аннотирования
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Wood preservation has been used by people from time immemorial - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
World-wide introduction of sewing equipment specifications - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Water is recycled through the two-step process with coffee beans - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
It is not easy to set a tent without any experience - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
People usually do not make a difference between the Internet and the Web - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Who Are Currency Speculators?
1. They are financial swashbucklers, ready to throw down fortunes betting that a certain currency may rise or fall. Among the most successful swashbucklers are George Soros and Julian Robertson, who each control multibillion- dollar portfolios. Soros is known in London as “the man who broke the Bank of England”, for on September 16, 1992, Black Wednesday, Soros bet that Britain would give up trying to maintain the value of the pound against the D-mark. Soros kept his bet on a cheaper pound even after the chancellor of exchequer promised that Britain would not flee, and even after the Bank of England sharply boosted interest rates and spent $30 billion to defend the pound. Soros's fund apparently earned a billion dollars from the British bet.
2. Not all risky bets turn out so well. In early 1994, Soros admitted that his fund lost about $600 million by betting incorrectly that the dollar would strengthen against the yen, along with watching some other investments turn sour. After all, Soros made his billion dollars off of Britain because the politicians were trying to maintain a currency arrangement that imperiled the feeble British economy by propping rates up too high.
3. For all the glamour, players in the currency markets get by on hard work and tough analysis. Before speculators place their bets, they try to figure out the answers to key questions like, Is the central bank acting responsibly on monetary policy? Is the government allowing social spending to spin out of control beyond the means of the taxpayers? Are the politicians honestly portraying the country's ability to meet its debts? If the answer to any of these questions is no, the currency traders will swoop down and dump the nation's currency until leaders deliver honest answers.
4. Ultimately, the currency is a symbol of country's credibility and integrity. The international financial markets stand ready to discipline and expose fraudulent governments.
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To play in the currency market one should … - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The approximate amount of nuclear submarines that were built since 1955 - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Vitamins requirements are determined by a number of factors - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Two main types of level sensors are continuous and point level sensors - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Taxonomists deal with organisms’ differences and similarities - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The functions of the army doctors and the general practitioners are similar in peacetime - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Governmental functions shared by a number of people are rather complex - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Originally motels were establishments offering parking facilities, food and lodging - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Fundamente der Medienentwicklung
1. Das moderne Informationszeitalter gründet sich auf fünf Medien: der Fotografie, den Film, den Funk einschließlich Rundfunk, das Fernsehen und den Computer. Bereits an den Fundamenten aller fünf bauten deutsche Wissenschaftler und Techniker maßgeblich mit.
2. 1916 brachte die Firma Agfa erste Farbdiapositivfilme auf den Markt, und die Kleinbildkamera ist auch eine deutsche Entwicklung: Oskar Barnack konstruierte sie in Gestalt der „Leica“, - die Firma Leitz brachte sie 1925 auf den Markt.
3. An der Wiege des Funkwesens standen die Entdeckung der elektromagnetischen Wellen durch Heinrich Hertz (1887) und der von Carl Ferdinand Braun 1898 erfundene Schwingkreis zum technisch sinnvollen Erzeugen solcher Wellen. Beide gemeinsam machten die rasche internationale Entwicklung von drahtloser Kommunikation und Rundfunk möglich.
4. Ferdinand Braun ersann bereits 1897 die Kathodenstrahlröhre. Deutsche Rahmenerfindungen rundet der 1941 von Konrad Zuse vorgestellte erste programmgesteuerte Digitalrechenautomat (Computer) die ab.
Утверждением, противоречащим содержанию текста, является … - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Reinforced concrete combines the advantages of both the compounds - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Modern hospitals give opportunities for investigation and teaching - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The reason for man to produce modifications of nature - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
The functions of the army doctors and the general practitioners are similar in peacetime - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Algae are hardly ever founding dry places - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The more services malls provide the more people visit them - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Biological development is connected with different changes during the life of an organism - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Urban forestry is aimed at improving the environment in the cities - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Artificial biospheres are also considered by scientists - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Technological advances give people possibility to chose between mass media and other communication products - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
This part of brassier is made of mainly plastic now - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The structure of the course of studies - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Applications of radar
1. The information provided by radar includes the bearing and range (and therefore position) of the object from the radar scanner. It is thus used in many different fields where the need for such positioning is crucial. The first use of radar was for military purposes: to locate air, ground and sea targets. This evolved in the civilian field into applications for aircraft, ships and roads.
2. In aviation, aircraft are equipped with radar devices that can warn of obstacles in or approaching their path and give accurate altitude readings. They can land in fog at airports equipped with radar-assisted ground-controlled approach (GCA) systems, in which the plane's flight is observed on radar screens while operators radio landing directions to the pilot.
3. Marine radars are used to measure the bearing and distance of ships to prevent collision with other ships, to navigate and to fix their position at sea when within range of shore or other fixed references such as islands, buoys, and lightships. In port or in harbour, vessel traffic service radar systems are used to monitor and regulate ship movements in busy waters.
4. Radar has invaded many other fields. Meteorologists use radar to monitor precipitation. It has become the primary tool for short-term weather forecasting and to watch for severe weather such as thunderstorms, tornadoes, winter storms, precipitation types, etc.
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Using radar in different fields … - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
LES SERVICES RESPONSABLES DE L’ORGANISATION
1. Les composantes internes relatives à la gestion de la qualité de l'organisation dont l'objet est l'amélioration des synergies (ou de la flexibilité) source de capital immatériel sont :
les employés (avec la gestion des ressources humaines gérant le capital humain)
les flux d'informations (avec l'urbanisation du système d'information et le management du système d'information)
les flux physiques, les bâtiments, les outils, etc. (par la logistique)
2. Toutes ces composantes doivent trouver une satisfaction dans leur association, elles doivent travailler en symbiose autour du projet entrepreneurial et y trouver, toutes, un avantage important. C’est une sorte de « contrat social » incarné par l’entreprise. Ceci est vrai à toute échelle collective, aussi bien au niveau de l’entreprise elle-même (regroupant tous les collaborateurs) que du service (regroupant certains collaborateurs) et de chaque employé.
3. Cela signifie aussi que tout le monde est dans le même bateau. Si quelqu’un fait un trou dans la coque, tout le monde écope, tout le monde trinque et, éventuellement, tout le monde coule. Cela signifie aussi que lorsque quelqu’un fait mal son travail, ce sont les autres qui doivent le faire à sa place, voire qui peuvent pâtir de sa non performance (ex. : mauvais prélèvement des produits dans une commande, problèmes informatiques initiant des erreurs de facturation, commandes bloquées, etc.). Tout le monde en supporte les conséquences. L’entreprise appartient aussi bien aux actionnaires qu’aux employés, même si les actionnaires en sont les propriétaires légaux, et cela implique une certaine équité.
4. Pour cela, chaque profit de l’entreprise doit être partagé entre chaque composante interne : les actionnaires, les salariés, du PDG à l’ouvrier, le renouvellement des machines ou l'implémentation de systèmes d'information... Cela sans léser les composantes externes : satisfaire le client et ne pas décourager les fournisseurs.
fr.wikipedia.org
Информация Tous les сomposants internes sont liés étroitement соответствует содержанию _______ части текста - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The origin of the term "engineer" and its meaning - Укажите, какой из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) содержит следующую информацию:
Classroom training provides practice both in oral and written communication - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Linguistics
1. Linguistics investigates the cognitive and social aspects of human language. The field is divided into areas that focus on aspects of the linguistic signal, such as syntax, semantics, morphology, phonetics and phonology; however, work in areas like evolutionary linguistics and psycholinguistics cut across these divisions.
2. The majority of modern research in linguistics takes a predominantly synchronic perspective (focusing on language at a particular point in time), and a great deal of it aims at formulating theories of the cognitive processing of language. However, language does not exist in a vacuum, or only in the brain, and approaches like contact linguistics, creole studies, discourse analysis, social interactional linguistics, and sociolinguistics explore language in its social context.
3. Sociolinguistics often makes use of traditional quantitative analysis and statistics in investigating the frequency of features, while some disciplines, like contact linguistics, focus on qualitative analysis. Ferdinand Saussure is considered the father of modern linguistics.
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Ferdinand Saussure is … - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
In the past times artists became famous because of their prints rather than paintings - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
KBP started its research work in the 20th century - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
It was in XXth century that organ transplantation became known to the world - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Fish differ in the speed of swimming - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Adaptation of the sewing machines for shoe-making - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Demand
1. One of the most important building blocks of economic analysis is the concept of demand. When economists refer to demand, they usually have in mind not just a single quantity demanded, but what is called a demand curve. A demand curve traces the quantity of a good or service that is demanded at successively different prices.
2. The most famous law in economics, and the one that economists are most sure of, is the law of demand. On this law is built almost the whole edifice of economics. The law of demand states that when the price of a good rises, the amount demanded falls, and when the price falls, the amount demanded rises.
3. It is not just price that affects the quantity demanded. Income affects it too. As real income rises, people buy more of some goods (which economists call normal goods) and less of what are called inferior goods. Urban mass transit and railroad transportation are classic examples of inferior goods. That is why the usage of both of these modes of travel declined so dramatically as postwar incomes were rising and more people could afford automobiles.
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When real income of population rises … - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Deforestation
1. Deforestation is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a nonforest use. The term deforestation is often misused to describe any activity where all trees in an area are removed. However in temperate climates, the removal of all trees in an area – in conformance with sustainable forestry practices – is correctly described as regeneration harvest. In temperate climates, natural regeneration of forest stands often will not occur in the absence of disturbance, whether natural or anthropogenic.
2. Deforestation occurs for many reasons: trees or derived charcoal are used as, or sold, for fuel or as lumber while cleared land is used as pasture for livestock, plantations of commodities and settlements.
3. The removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has resulted in damage to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity. It has adverse impacts on biosequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Deforested regions typically incur significant adverse soil erosion and frequently degrade into wasteland. Deforestation also causes extinction, changes to climatic conditions, desertification, and displacement of populations as observed by current conditions and in the past through the fossil record.
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Deforestation is an undesirable process … - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The round of duties of the city-manager - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Environmentalism has diverse aims - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Butter has the same density as frozen water - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
It is difficult to imagine people’s life without different dances - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Effective treatment depends on the confidence of a patient in the physician and in the method selected - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The cost of a ship construction is defined by the owner and mission requirements - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
Constructing Walls for Buildings
1. Walls may be constructed in different forms. The walls include windows and doors, heads and sills, stanchion casings and inner lining panels. The doors and windows provide for controlled passage of environmental factors and people through the wall line. The aluminium heads, sills and windows are fixed from inside the building. After this, the 900 mm and 1.800 mm wide exterior doors are installed. These doors are aluminum framed.
2. All walls are also designed to provide resistance to passage of fire for some defined period of time, such as a one-hour wall. The function of resisting fire is fulfilled by stanchions. The stanchions are enclosed in casings.
3. The walls are divided into interior and exterior walls. The exterior walls protect the building interior from external environmental effects such as heat and cold, sunlight, ultraviolet radiation, rain, sound, while containing desirable interior environmental conditions. The exterior walls are made up of brick cladding, wall planks. The wall planks are designed to be weatherproof and to support the outer cladding.
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Heat and cold, sunlight and rain, can be together called … - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея
One of the newest London’s new attractions is described in detail - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
A Satellite Telephone
1. A satellite telephone, satellite phone, or satphone is a type of mobile phone that connects to orbiting satellites instead of terrestrial cell sites. They provide similar functionality to terrestrial mobile telephones: voice, short messaging service and low-bandwidth Internet access are supported through most systems. Depending on the architecture of a particular system, coverage may include the entire Earth, or only specific regions. The mobile equipment, also known as a terminal, varies widely.
2. Early satellite phone handsets had a size and weight comparable to that of a late-1980s or early-1990s mobile phone, but usually with a large retractable antenna. More recent satellite phones are similar in size to a regular mobile phone while some prototype satellite phones have no distinguishable difference from an ordinary smartphone. Satphones are popular on expeditions into remote areas where terrestrial cellular service is unavailable.
3. Since satellite phones are purpose-built for one particular network and cannot be switched to other networks, the price of handsets varies with network performance. If a satellite phone provider encounters trouble with its network, handset prices will fall, then increase once new satellites are launched. Similarly, handset prices will increase when calling rates are reduced.
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The specific type of a satphone construction … - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
ELECTRICITE
1. Les lignes électriques et les pylônes haute et très haute tension constituent une nuisance visuelle indéniable: leur présence dégrade la qualité et l’esthétisme des paysages, et le recours à l’enfouissement des lignes est très limité par les producteurs d’électricité car très couteux. Mais elles sont également une source d'inquiétude en matière de santé publique. L’exposition aux champs électromagnétiques des populations riveraines aux pylônes haute tension suscite beaucoup d’interrogations: quelles sont les incidences sur la santé humaine d’une telle exposition prolongée?
2. Les riverains des pylônes haute tension sont exposés à des champs électriques et magnétiques à l'intérieur même de leur habitat: l’intensité dépend de nombreux facteurs, et notamment de la distance par rapport aux lignes de transport, des appareils électriques présents dans la maison ou encore de la configuration des conducteurs électriques intérieurs.
3. Les établissements industriels regorgent également de matériels électriques et de câbles conducteurs auxquels sont exposés leurs employés tout au long de leur journée de travail.
Les premières études ont démontré un lien entre les lignes haute tension et la santé.
«II y a des indications limitées issues de l’épidémiologie sur une relation possible entre les expositions à des champs magnétiques d’extrêmement basse fréquence et la leucémie de l’enfant» selon le Conseil Supérieur d’Hygiène Publique de France.
4. Une étude britannique publiée par les chercheurs de l'Université d'Oxford, démontre l'augmentation de 69 % des risques de leucémies pour les enfants dont le domicile se situe à moins de 200 mètres d'une ligne haute tension.Selon l’Organsation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS), certains chercheurs ont signalé que «les champs ELF (fréquences extrêmement basses) pourraient supprimer la sécrétion de mélatonine, une hormone associée au rythme circadien. L'hypothèse a également été émise que la mélatonine pourrait avoir un effet protecteur contre le cancer du sein, de sorte que sa suppression pourrait contribuer à une augmentation de l'incidence des cancers de cet organe induits par d'autres substances».
http://www.vedura.fr
Информация Des recherches révèlent la connexion entre les lignes haute tension et la santé соответствует содержанию _______ части текста - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
The Renaissance
1. This architectural style, the resource of inspiration for many European architects, developed in early 15th century Italy during the rebirth of classical art and learning. It succeeded the Gothic as the style dominant in all of Europe after the mid 16th century into classicism. Knowledge of the classical style in architecture was derived during the Renaissance from two sources: the ancient classical buildings, particularly in Italy, but also in France and Spain and the treatise “De architectura” by the Roman architect Vitruvius. Initially, it was characterized by the use of the classical orders, round arches, and symmetrical composition.
2. The Renaissance architects found a harmony between the proportions of the human body and those of their architecture. There was even a relationship between architectural proportions and the Renaissance pictorial device of perspective. The concern for proportion caused that clear, measured expression and definition of architectural space and mass that differentiates the Renaissance style from the Gothic. Churches, palaces, gardens, and well-organized open, urban spaces are the architectural works most often associated with this time.
3. Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446) is said to have created the Renaissance. In the early 15th century he formulated linear perspective, which was to become a basic element of Renaissance art. His basic vocabulary – fluted pilasters carrying entablatures, columns supporting arches, unribbed vaults which are portions of the surface of a sphere – appears in his brilliant work, Ospedade degli Innocenti (1419-51) in France. It was the first building in the Renaissance manner.
4. The Italian Renaissance is assumed to have achieved the highest degree of perfection in the early 16th century. In 1505 Pope Julius II decided to build St. Peter’s Cathedral, the work of many architects, beginning with Bramante, whose ground plan was later changed from a Greek cross to a Latin cross. St. Peter’s Cathedral is the largest church in the high Christian world. It has 29 altars in addition to the high altar. The dome of St. Peter’s Cathedral was built by Michelangelo.
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What was the essential principle of Renaissance architectural traditions - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
There are some research organisations which make global multidimensional weather measurements