Тема Изучающее чтение с элементами аннотирования
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The role of play at the lesson
1. Children grow, learn and even investigate the world through play. Play is the basis for discovery, reasoning and thinking. When children are given the freedom to experiment, to make mistakes and then to learn from these mistakes, they are developing skills that will stay with them for life.
2. Children do not differentiate between play, learning and work. Children are playful by nature. They love to play because play is an activity in which any child is open to express his points of view, ideas and thoughts,
3. It is important to notice that games are necessary not just for junior pupils; in senior forms the elements of play must be included into the educating process. So games vary accordingly to the age of children.
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Play influences children’s further life as … - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
CLASSEMENT PAR IMPACTS ENERGETIQUE
1. Contrairement à une idée reçue, l'industrie n'est pas le premier consommateur d'électricité. Dans les pays riches, elle en consomme moins d'un tiers. A titre d'exemple, en France, depuis la fin des années 1990, l'industrie consomme moins d'un tiers de l'électricité finale. Ce sont le résidentiel et le tertiaires, via le chauffage, l'électroménager, l'éclairage et l'informatique) qui consomment en 2009 environ 67 % de l'électricité.
2. Par ailleurs, la France qui a justifié son programme nucléaire par le souci de ne plus dépendre du pétrole détenait en 2009 le record de consommation par habitant d'électricité (un français moyen consomme plus d'électricité qu'un californien moyen rappelle), mais aussi paradoxalement de consommation de pétrole par habitant, avec un fort endettement et une précarité énergétique des plus pauvres.
3. Depuis les années 2000, lors des pics de consommation accompagnant les vagues de froid, RTE craint un effondrement d'une partie du réseau. Il diffuse, notamment en Bretagne ou Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, des incitations à économiser l'électricité. Car, comme on ne sait pas massivement stocker l'électricité; c'est la «puissance appelée» qui devient le facteur dimensionnant du système de distribution électrique, c’est-à-dire l'énergie consommée à un instant donné et non seulement la consommation cumulée sur la journée, la saison ou l'année.
4. La répartition spatio-temporelle des usages électriques a un impact majeur sur le plan économique, mais aussi environnemental, car les ressources appelées en derniers recours lors des pics émettent le plus de CO2. Ainsi, le chauffage électrique «pèse» «2,5 fois plus en puissance instantanée (36 % au moment du record de consommation sur le réseau français) qu’en consommation cumulée en moyenne sur l’année (14 %)». Des communes cherchent à diminuer le gaspillage lié aux illuminations de Noël, de monuments ou éclairage urbain, mais les panneaux publicitaires motorisés ou éclairés sont restés en fonctionnement.
http://fr.wikipedia.org/
Информация Le danger du manque de l’énergie peut menacer quelques régions de la France соответствует содержанию _______ части текста - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Advances in microprocessor technology made PCs more powerful, smaller, and less expensive - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Both increase of knowledge in the medical sciences and advances in technology - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Radio waves
1. Radio waves were first predicted by mathematical work done in 1865 by James Clerk Maxwell. Maxwell noticed wavelike properties of light and similarities in electrical and magnetic observations. He then proposed equations that described light waves and radio waves as waves of electromagnetism that travel in space. In 1887, Heinrich Hertz demonstrated the reality of Maxwell's electromagnetic waves by experimentally generating radio waves in his laboratory. Many inventions followed, making practical the use of radio waves to transfer information through space.
2. The study of electromagnetic phenomena such as reflection, refraction, polarization, diffraction and absorption is of critical importance in the study of how radio waves move in free space and over the surface of the Earth. Different frequencies experience different combinations of these phenomena in the Earth's atmosphere, making certain radio bands more useful for specific purposes than others.
3. In order to receive radio signals, for instance from AM/FM radio stations, a radio antenna must be used. However, since the antenna will pick up thousands of radio signals at a time, a radio tuner is necessary to tune in to a particular frequency (or frequency range). This is typically done via a resonator (in its simplest form, a circuit with a capacitor and an inductor). The resonator is configured to resonate at a particular frequency (or frequency band), thus amplifying sine waves at that radio frequency, while ignoring other sine waves. Usually, either the inductor or the capacitor of the resonator is adjustable, allowing the user to change the frequency at which it resonates.
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Electromagnetic waves are used … - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
GPS has significant applications - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Vitamins can be destroyed by some compounds - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The use of IT-technologies in newspaper production process - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The environment in which people work is a concern of public health medicine - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The boy pleaded guilty of 7 burglaries - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Scattering from any solid object is the property of electromagnetic waves - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Radio Systems
1. Radio systems used for communications will have the following elements. With more than 100 years of development, each process is implemented by a wide range of methods, specialized for different communications purposes. Each system contains a transmitter. This consists of a source of electrical energy, producing alternating current of a desired frequency of oscillation. The transmitter contains a system to modulate some property of the energy produced to impress a signal on it.
2. This modulation might be as simple as turning the energy on and off, or altering more subtle properties such as amplitude, frequency, phase, or combinations of these properties. The transmitter sends the modulated electrical energy to a tuned resonant antenna; this structure converts the rapidly changing alternating current into an electromagnetic wave that can move through free space.
3. The electromagnetic wave is intercepted by a tuned receiving antenna; this structure captures some of the energy of the wave and returns it to the form of oscillating electrical currents. At the receiver, these currents are demodulated, which is conversion to a usable signal form by a detector sub-system. The receiver is «tuned» to respond preferentially to the desired signals, and reject undesired signals.
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After having been changed from alternating current electromagnetic wave … - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
World-wide introduction of sewing equipment specifications - Укажите, какой из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) содержит следующую информацию:
Some systems of public access to Internet are not too expensive for their users - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Two main types of level sensors are continuous and point level sensors - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
A preliminary copy of the text must be checked for accuracy - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The term Wi-Fi is just the phonologic play on the term Hi-Fi - Укажите, какой из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) содержит следующую информацию:
Factors influencing reliable communication - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
Carbohydrate is converted into fat in the body of a living being - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The enumeration of the early navigational tools - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Education
1. Education has as one of its fundamental aspects the imparting of culture from generation to generation. It is an application of pedagogy, a body of theoretical and applied research relating to teaching and learning and draws on many disciplines such as psychology, philosophy, computer science, linguistics, neuroscience, sociology and anthropology.
2. The education of an individual human begins at birth and continues throughout life. Some believe that education begins even before birth, as evidenced by some parents' playing music or reading to the baby in the womb in the hope it will influence the child's development.
3. For some, the struggles and triumphs of daily life provide far more instruction than does formal schooling (thus Mark Twain's admonition to "never let school interfere with your education"). Family members may have a profound educational effect – often more profound than they realize – though family teaching may function very informally.
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Success and failure of everyday life can be considered … - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Parenting Styles
1. In authoritarian parenting style, children are expected to follow the strict rules established by the parents. Failure to follow such rules usually results in punishment. Authoritarian parents fail to explain the reasoning behind these rules. These parents have high demands, but are not responsive to their children. Authoritarian parenting styles generally lead to children who are obedient and proficient, but they rank lower in happiness, social competence and self-esteem.
2. Like authoritarian parents, those with an authoritative parenting style establish rules and guidelines that their children are expected to follow. However, this parenting style is much more democratic. Authoritative parents are responsive to their children and willing to listen to questions. When children fail to meet the expectations, these parents are more nurturing and forgiving rather than punishing. They want their children to be assertive as well as socially responsible, and self-regulated as well as cooperative. Authoritative parenting styles tend to result in children who are happy, capable and successful.
3. Permissive parents, sometimes referred to as indulgent parents, have very few demands to make of their children. These parents rarely discipline their children because they have relatively low expectations of maturity and self-control. Permissive parents are generally nurturing and communicative with their children, often taking on the status of a friend more than that of a parent. Permissive parenting often results in children who rank low in happiness and self-regulation. These children are more likely to experience problems with authority and tend to perform poorly in school.
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A permissive parenting style is the most likely to produce … - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Plankton are numerous motionless water organisms - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
There are gaseous and sedimentary cycles occurring in nature - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Planted forests
1. Planted forests worldwide are increasingly important sources for forest products produced within sustainable, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly contexts. They also play a major role in preserving the social and cultural values attached to forests, particularly as natural forests decrease in size through deforestation (mainly in developing countries in the tropics and subtropics) or are designated for conservation or other purposes (mainly in developed countries in temperate zones).
2. Recently there have been concerted efforts to harmonize forest-related terms and definitions. At this point in time, it can be agreed that "planted forests" are forests in which trees have been established through planting or seeding by human intervention. Planted forests are increasingly being recognized as including semi-natural forests with indigenous species and plantation forests with exotic species.
3. Planted forests are often intensively managed for production purposes, but they may also be established for purposes of protection or conservation, or for socio-economic reasons, in which case management may be less obvious or intensive. The distinction is important for global assessments that attempt to capture the extent of productive, protective, conservational or socio-economic functions of forests, which are key criteria for sustainable forest management.
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For some countries planted forests are especially important for their social and cultural values conservation … - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Scope and importance of botany
1. In biology, plant life can be studied from different perspectives, from the molecular, genetic and biochemical level through organelles, cells, tissues, organs, individuals, plant populations, and communities of plants. At each of these levels a botanist might be concerned with the classification, structure (anatomy and morphology), or function (physiology) of plant life.
2. Historically all living things were grouped as animals or plants, and botany covered all organisms not considered animals. Some organisms once included in the field of botany are no longer considered to belong to the plant kingdom – these include fungi (studied in mycology), lichens (lichenology), bacteria (bacteriology), viruses (virology) and single-celled algae, which are now grouped as part of the Protista. Paleobotanists study also ancient plants in the fossil record. It is believed that early in the Earth's history, the evolution of photosynthetic plants altered the global atmosphere of the earth, changing the ancient atmosphere by oxidation.
3. The study of plants is vital because they are a fundamental part of life on Earth, which generates the oxygen, food, fibres, fuel and medicine that allow humans and other life forms to exist. Through photosynthesis, plants absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that in large amounts can affect global climate. Additionally, they prevent soil erosion and are influential in the water cycle. A good understanding of plants is crucial to the future of human societies as it allows us to produce food to feed an expanding population, to understand fundamental life processes, to produce medicine and materials to treat diseases.
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The role of plants for humans’ life is great because … - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The way of interaction of human’s stimulus and his response is the question under consideration for cognitive psychologists - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
The Best Building Materials
1. Building materials are very important in the construction. But it is more important for any designer to select and adapt such building materials of construction that will give the most effective result by the most economical means. In this choice of materials for any work of constructions many factors must be considered by the civil engineer. These factors include availability, cost, physical properties of materials and others.
2. Practically, all buildings materials have their advantages and disadvantages. That's why some materials are used most widely in building construction for the purpose of binding together masonry units. Among them are lime, gypsum and cement.
3. Last material forms very important elements in all masonry structures, such as stone, a brick. Since the time of its introduction a gradual improvement of Portland cement quality has led to the elaboration of rapid hardening Portland cement, or «high early strength». Later developments include low heat and sulphateresisting cements. The scope for such purpose-made cements has led to the development of an increasing variety such as high alumina cement, blast-furnace slag. They may be also white and coloured cements.
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The main factors which affect the choice of building materials are … - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
There are several factors that allow imagining a future power economy based on the usage of solar cells - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The amount of total heat flowing from the Earth's interior is many times more than the amount of electric generation capacity existing in the world today - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Sailing charts are referred to nautical charts - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
The tolerance thresholds to radiation is different in healthy organs - Укажите, какой из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) содержит следующую информацию:
According to one of the theories people became violent when their wishes didn.t meet their needs - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
There are different levels in the investigation of hormones - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Plastics recycling business was initiated by one of the American companies - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
A military version of the small two-seater Piper J3 was used for observation and training - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Soil ecology is the focus of investigations of ecologists and microbiologists - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
The education of children with learning disabilities
1. A learning disability is a mental problem that children may have from birth, or that may be caused by illness or injury, that affects their ability to read, write, or calculate. Though its causes and nature are still not fully understood, it is widely agreed that the presence of a learning disability does not indicate subnormal intelligence. Rather it is thought that the learning-disabled have a neurologically based difficulty in processing language or figures.
2. Learning disabilities may be diagnosed through testing, and children may be enrolled in programs offering special help. Left unrecognized, learning disabilities may result not only in poor classroom performance but also in low self-esteem and disruptive behaviour. Normal intelligence, low self-esteem and disruptive behaviour indicate that a learning disability is not only a mental problem but also a social problem.
3. A child’s disruptive behaviour or low self-esteem can be cured not only by personal psychiatrists but also by proper social environments in the class created by the teacher. Neurology as the scientific study of nerves and their diseases in addition to social adjustments are to help the learning-disabled to overcome their learning disabilities. Children with learning disabilities require highly specialized techniques, usually on an individual basis.
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A learning disability can become a serious mental and social problem … - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Vitamins can be destroyed by some compounds - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
An engineering solution is to be based on many factors: cost, reliability, safety and others - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Stone masonry can be shaped with high precision - Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая идея:
There are projects to use the An-225 as a flying launcher for aerospace systems - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания
SAP – eine Weltfirma aus der Provinz
1. Die SAP (Systeme, Anwendungen, Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung) befindet sich in der kleinen Stadt Walldorf bei Heidelberg. Die Firma ist im Jahre 1972 gegründet. Sie hat etwa 7000 Software-Spezialisten und ist mit einem Jahresumsatz von 2,7 Milliarden Euro das fünftgrößte Softwarehaus der Welt. Die Produkte R/2 und R/3 z.B. ersparen einem Unternehmen Finanzbuchhaltung, Produktionssteuerung, Auftragsbearbeitung oder Controlling. Zusammen mit MICROSOFT hat SAP die offene Standardschnittstelle “Bapi” entwickelt. Mit Hilfe dieser Schnittstelle kann jeder Internet-Nutzer auf die nötigen Softwareanwendungen zugreifen.
2. Die SAP stellt hauptsächlich die deutschen Uniabsolventen ein. Fast 80 Prozent der Mitarbeiter haben studiert. Bewerber, die mit dem Unternehmen zusammen Diplomarbeibeiten geschrieben oder dort ein Praktikum absolviert haben, werden bevorzugt. Wer eingeladen wird, den erwarten mehrere Gespräche im Personalbereich. Wichtiges Kriterium: Paßt der Bewerber ins Team?
3. Mitarbeiter, die an besonders arbeitsintensiven Projekten teilnehmen, erhalten in der Regel eine Extraprämie. Gleichzeitig können die Mitarbeiter SAP-Aktien um 15 Prozent günstiger als der Börsenkurs kaufen.
4. Als Einstellungskriterium gilt auch: man muß bereit sein, immer neue Herausforderungen zu suchen und auch große Aufgaben nicht zu scheuen. SAP stellt am liebsten Absolventen frisch von der Uni ein.
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Different illegal intentions are taken into consideration in the specification of a crime - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
There is a necessity of architectural decisions in modern world, depending on different types of institutions - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Depth curves are presented on nautical charts - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Outdoor space design needs garden designer - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Causes of danger to natural communities and wild species - Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Solid
1. Solid is one of the major states of matter. It is characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume. Unlike a liquid, a solid object does not flow to take on the shape of its container, nor does it expand to fill the entire volume available to it like a gas does. The atoms in a solid are tightly bound to each other, either in a regular geometric lattice or irregularly one.
2. The branch of physics that deals with solids is called solid-state physics, and is the main branch of condensed matter physics (which also includes liquids). Materials science is primarily concerned with the physical and chemical properties of solids. Solid-state chemistry is especially concerned with the synthesis of novel materials, as well as the science of identification and chemical composition.
3. The forces between the atoms in a solid can take a variety of forms. For example, a crystal of sodium chloride (common salt) is made up of ionic sodium and chlorine, which are held together by ionic bonds. In diamond or silicon, the atoms share electrons and form covalent bonds. In metals, electrons are shared in metallic bonding. Some solids, particularly most organic compounds, are held together with van der Waals forces resulting from the polarization of the electronic charge cloud on each molecule. The dissimilarities between the types of a solid result from the differences between their bonding.
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A solid has a constant form … - Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The number of hospital clinics grew rapidly because of the convenience of providing ambulatory care close to the facilities of a hospital